Paradigm I: Geological and Environmental Changes

Allaby, Michael, Ed. (1994). The concise Oxford dictionary of ecology. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. IS.

Barnhardt, Walter A., Belknap, Daniel F., and Kelley, Joseph T. (1997). Stratigraphic evolution of the inner continental shelf in response to late quaternary relative sea-level change, northwestern gulf of Maine.  Geological Society of America Bulletin 109 (5) Boulder, CO., pg. 317-320.

Barnhardt, Walter A., Gehrels, W. Roland, Belknap, Daniel F., and Kelley, Joseph T. (1995). Late quaternary relative sea-level change in the western gulf of Maine: Evidence for a migrating glacial forebulge. Geology 23(4), Boulder, Co. pg 317-320.

Baron, William R. and Smith, David C. (1996) Growing Season Parametre Reconstructions for New England Using Killing Frost Records, 1697-1947. Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station. Bulletin 846. University of Maine, Orono, ME. pg. 30.

Belknap, Daniel F., Shipp, R. C., Stuckenrath, Robert., Kelly, Joseph T. and Borns, Howard W. (1989). Holocene sea-level changes in coastal Maine. In: Neotectonics of Maine. Maine Geological Survey, Augusta, ME.

Bennett, Dean B. (1996). The forgotten nature of New England. Down East Books, Camden, ME. IS.

Borns, H.W., Jr. (1973). Late Wisconsin fluctuations of the Laurentide ice sheet in southern and eastern New England. Geological Society of America, Memoir. 136. pg. 37-45.

Bradstreet, Theodore E., and Davis, Ronald B. (1975) Mid-postglacial enviornments in New England with emphasis on Maine. Arctic Anthropology 8(2). University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, WI. pg. 7-22.

Climate Change Research Center. New England's changing climate, weather and air quality. Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH.

Commoner, Barry. (1971). The closing circle: Nature, man & technology. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. Reprinted in 1981 by Bantam Books, Inc., NY, NY. IS.

Cramer, Deborah. (2001). Oceans and everything in them: Great waters: An Atlantic passage. W.W. Norton & Co., NY, NY.

Darling, Frasier and Milton, John P. (1966). Future environments of North America: Transformation of a continent. Natural History Press, Garden City, New York. IS-EH.

Darling, Lois and Darling, Louis. (1968). A place in the sun: Ecology and the living world. William Morrow and Company, NY, NY. IS.

Davis, Margaret (1967) Late Glacial Climate in Northern United States: A Comparison of New England and the Great Lakes Region. Quarternary Paleoecology. ed by Cushing, Edward J. and Wright, Herbert, E. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. pg. 11-43.

Davis, Margaret (1969) Palynological and Environmental History during the Quaternary Period. American Scientist 57 (3). pg. 317-322.

Davis, Ronald B., Bradstreet, Theodore, E., Stuckenrath, Robert, Jr. and Borns, Harold W., Jr. (1975). Vegetation and associated environments during the past 14,000 years near Moulton Pond, Maine. Quaternary Research. 5, Cambridge, England. pg. 435-466. X.

Davis, Ronald B., and Jacobson, George L., Jr. (1985). Late glacial and early Holocene landscapes in northern New England and adjacent areas of Canada. Quaternary Research 23, Cambridge, England. pg. 341-368.

Dickerson, Scott. (2002). To save a river. Coastal Mountains Land Trust and Aperture, Camden, ME.

Efron, Edith. (1984). The apocalyptics: Cancer and the big lie. Simon and Schuster, NY, NY. IS-EH.

Ehrlich, Paul R. () Mechanics of nature, the living world around us and how it works.

El-Hinnawai, Essam and Hashmi, Manzur H. (1982). Global environmental issues: United Nations environment programme. Volume 7. Tycooly International Publishing LTD., Dublin, Ireland. IS-EH.

Eves, Jamie H. (1992). "Shrunk to a comparative rivulet": Deforestation, stream flow, and rural milling in 19th-century Maine. Technology and Culture: The International Quarterly of the Society for the History of Technology. January 1992, Volume 33, Number 1. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL. IS.

Fairbridge, Rhodes W. (1960). Recent world-wide sea-level changes and their possible significance to New England archaeology. Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological Society, 21(3-4). pg. 49-51.

Flannery, Tim. (date unknown). The eternal frontier: An ecological history of North America and its peoples. Atlantic Monthly Press.

Gawler, S.C. (1991). Natural landscapes of Maine: A classification of ecosystems and natural communities. Maine Natural Areas Program, Augusta, ME.

Gehrels, Roland W., Belknap, Daniel F., Kelley, Joesph T. (1996). Integrated high-precision analyses of Holocene relative sea-level changes: lessons from the coast of Maine. Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol. 108, no. 9.

Gordon, Robert B. (1983). History of sea level changes along the Connecticut shore. In Connecticut Archaeology: Past, Present, and Future. Occasional Papers in Anthropology, Ed. by Dewar, R.E., Feder, K.L., and Poirier, D.A. Univeristy of Connecticut, Department of Anthropology, Storrs, CT. pg. 61-78.

Gordon, Wendy. (1984). A citizen’s handbook on groundwater protection. Natural Resources Defense Council, NY, NY. IS(2)-EH.

Heck, W.W. et al. (1982). Ozone Impacts on the Productivity of Selected Crops. Effects of Air Pollution on Farm Comodities. Izaak Walton League of America, Washington, D.C.

Hites, Ronald, et. al. (2004). Global assessment of contaminants in farmed science. Science, Volume 303.

Johnson, Arthur and Siccama, Thomas. (1989) Decline of Red Spruce in the High-Elevation Forests of the Northeastern United States. Air Pollution's Toll on Forests and Crops, edited by Jamesd macKenzie and Mohamed El-Ashry. Yale Univeristy Press, New Haven, CT.

Jorgenson, Neil. (1977) A Guide to New England's Landscape. Globe Penquot, Chester, CT. pg. 142-156,179-183.

Kellogg, D.C. (1991). Prehistoric landscapes, paleoenvironments, and archaeology of western Muscongus Bay, Maine. Thesis (Ph.D.), University of Maine, Orono, ME.

Kendall, David L. (1987). Glaciers & granite, a guide to Maine's landscape & geology. Down East Books, Camden, ME.

Kolbert, Elizabeth. (2006). Field notes from a catastrophe: Man, nature and climate change. Bloomsbury USA, NY, NY. IS.

Kormondy, Edward J. (1969). Concepts of ecology. Prentice Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ. IS-EH.

Krupp, Fred, and Horn, Miriam. (2008). Earth: The sequel: The race to reinvent energy and stop global warming. W.H. Norton.

McDonough , William, and Michael Braungart. Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way we Make Things. New York: North Point Press, 2002.

Miller, Judith, Engelberg, Stephen and Broad, William. (2001). Biological weapons and America's secret war: Germs. Simon & Schuster, NY, NY. IS-EH.

National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program. (1987). Interim Assessment; The Causes and Effects of Acid Deposition, Vol. 2, Emissions and Control. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

National Research Council of the United States and the Royal Society of Canada. (1985). The Great Lakes water quality agreement: An evolving instrument for ecosystem management. National Academy Press, Washington, DC. IS.

Novacer, Michael J. (2001). The biodiversity crisis, losing what counts. American Museum of Science, NY.

Odum, Eugene P. (1975). Ecology. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc, NY, NY. IS-EH.

Odum, Eugene P. (1983). Basic ecology. Saunders College Publishing, NY, NY. IS.

Odum, Eugene P. (1993). Ecology and our endangered life support systems. Sunderland, MA.

Ogden, Joan M. and Williams, Robert H. (October 1989). Solar hydrogen: Moving beyond fossils fuels. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC. IS.

Pearson, R.G. and Percy, K.E. (1990). The 1990 Canadian Long-Range Transport of Air Pollution and Acid Deposition Report, Part V, Terrestrial Effects. Federal/Provincial Research and Monitoring Coordinating Commettee, Ottowa, Canada.

Sanger, David. (1985). Sea level rise in Passamaquoddy Bay: Archaeology and sediment cores. Open file no. 85-73, Maine Geological Survey.

Savonis, Michael, Burkett, Virginia R., Potter, Joanne R. Impacts of climate change and variability on transportation systems and infrastructure [electronic resource] : Gulf Coast study, phase I : / report by the U.S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research .

Schnitker, D. (1974). Postglacial emergence of the Gulf of Maine. Geological Society of American Bulletin. 85. pg. 491-494.

Schwartz, Peter and Randall, Doug (October 2003). Imagining the Unthinkable: An abrupt climate change scenario and its implications for United States national security. EMS, Washington, D.C. IS.

Selley, Richard C. (1970). Ancient sedimentary environments: A brief survey. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY. IS.

Shelford, Victor E. (1963). The ecology of North America. Urbana, IL.

Stuiver, M. and Borns, H.W., Jr. (1975). Late quaternary marine invasion in Maine: Its chronology and associated crustal movement. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 86. pg. 99-104.

Thompson, Kenneth. (December 1980). Forest and climate change in America: Some early views. Climatic Change 3 (1). pg. 47-64.

Vine, Edward, Crawley, Drury and Centolella, Paul, Eds. (1991). Energy efficiency and the environment: Forging the link. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Environment, Washington, DC. IS.

Weiner, Jonathan. (1990). The next 100 years: shaping the fate of our living earth.

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. (n.d.). Abstracts of papers submitted in 1976 for publication. Technical Report WHOI-77-3, Woods Hole, MA. Unpublished manuscript. IS.

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. (April 1979). Bibliography of technical reports: 1978. Technical Report WHOI-79-31, Woods Hole, MA. IS.
Paradigm II: Agricultural and Forestry Practices

Berry, Wendell. (1978). The unsettling of America: Culture & agriculture. Avon, NY, NY. IS.

Cronon, William (1983). Changes in the land: Indians, colonists, and the ecology of New England. Hill and Wang, NY, NY.

Davis, Ronald B. (1966). Spruce-fir forests of the coast of Maine. Ecological Monographs. 36. pg. 79-94.

Department of Health and Human Services. (March 1998). Action levels for poisonous or deleterious substances in human food and animal feed. Department of Health and Human Services., Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC.

Devall, Bill and Sessions, George. (1985). Deep ecology. Gibbs M. Smith, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT. IS.

Dobbs, David and Ober Richard. (1995). The northern forest. Chelsea Green Pub. Co., White River Jct., VT.

Friedman, Thomas L. (2008). Hot, Flat, and Crowded: Why We Need a Green Revolution--and How It Can Renew America. Farrar, Straus, and Giroux. NY.

Friedman, Thomas L. (2006). The world is flat 3.0: a brief history of the twenty-first century. Farrar. Straus and Giroux. NY.

Friedman, Thomas L. (2000). The Lexus and the olive tree: understanding globalization. Anchor reprint edition. NY.

Hardin, Garrett. (1968). The tragedy of the commons. Science. 162. pg. 1243-1248.

Hearne, Shelley A. (1984). Harvest of unknowns: Pesticide contamination in imported foods. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. IS.

Hoopes, Roy. (1962). A report on fallout in your food with tables and illustrations. The New American Library, NY, NY. IS.

International Atomic Energy Agency. (1972). Radiotracer studies of chemical residues in food and agriculture: Proceedings of a combined panel and research coordination meeting, organized by the joint FAO/IAEA Division of Atomic Energy in Food and Agriculture, and held in Vienna, Austria, 25 - 29 October 1971. IAEA, Vienna, Austria. IS.

Lindroth, Seppo and Niskane, Aimo. (1978). Comparison of potential patulin hazard in home-made and commercial apple products. Journal of Food Science. 43. pg. 446-448.X.

Lorimer, Craig. (1977). The presettlement forest and natural disturbance cycle of northeastern Maine. Ecology. 58(1). pg. 139-148.

Klyza, Christopher McGrory and Trombulak, Stephen C. Eds. (1994). The future of the northern forest. Middlebury College Press, Middlebury, VT.

MacKenzie, James J. and El-Ashry, Mohamed T. (September 1988). Ill winds: Airborne pollution's toll on trees and crops. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC. IS.

Marchand, Peter J. (1987). North woods: An inside look at the nature of forests in the Northeast. Appalachian Mountain Club,
Boston, MA.

McManamon, Francis P. (1982). Prehistoric land use on outer Cape Cod. Journal of Field Archaeology. 9(1). pg. 1-20.

Muir, Diana. (2000). Reflections in Bullough's Pond: Economy and ecosystem in New England. University Press of New England, Hanover, NH. IS.

Nicholas, George P. (1991). Places and spaces: Changing patterns of wetland use in southern New England. Man in the Northeast. 42. pg. 75-98.

Niering, W. and Warren, R. (1980). Vegetation patterns and processes in New England salt marshes. Bioscience. 30. pg. 301-307.

Postel, Sandra and Heise, Lori. (1988). Worldwatch paper 83: Reforesting the earth. Worldwatch Institute. IS-EH.

Potzger, J.E. and Friesner, R.C. (1948). Forests of the past along the coast of southern Maine. Butler University Botanical Studies. 8. pg. 178-203.

Rolde, Neil. (2001). The interrupted forest: A history of Maine's wildlands. Tilbury House, Gardiner, ME.

Russell, Howard S. (1976). A long, deep furrow: Three centuries of farming in New England. University Press of New England, Hanover, NH. IS.

Smith, David and Bridges Anne. (1982). Salt marsh dykes as a factor in eastern Maine agriculture. Maine Historical Society Quarterly. 24(4). pg. 219-226.

Smith, David, Konrad, Victor, et. al. (1989). Salt marshes as a factor in the agriculture of northeastern North America. Agricultural History 63(2). pg. 270-294.

Soros, George. (2008). The new paradigm for financial markets: the credit crisis of 2008 and what it means. PublicAffairs, Perseus Books Group. Philadelphia, PA.

Strum, Carol Van. (1983). A bitter fog: Herbicides and human rights, Sierra Club Books, San Francisco, CA. IS-EH.

Thomson, Betty Flanders. (1958). The changing face of New England. Macmillan, NY, NY.

Thorne, Sarah and Sundquist, Dan. (April 2001). New Hampshire's vanishing forests: Conversion, fragmentation and parcelization of forests in the granite state. Society for the Protection of New Hampshire Forests, 54 Portsmouth Street, Concord, NH.

Walker, Erik B. Undermining science: suppression and distortion in the Bush administration. Trial.

Wilson, Harold F. (1935). The rise and decline of the sheep industry in northern New England. Agricultural History. 9(1). pg. 25.


Paradigm III: The Industrial Revolution and Chemical Fallout

Overview

Rapid changes are now occurring with respect to increasing levels of chemical fallout contamination in many biotic and terrestrial environments. Increasing contamination levels are also accompanied by decreasing effectiveness of environmental organizations dedicated to mitigating the spread and increase of chemical fallout in the environment. The State of Maine's 1997 Fish Consumption Advisories remains an important documentation of the impact of this fallout within the State of Maine almost a decade after it was issued. The following citations will allow visiting readers to access contemporary OpEds expressing the current frustration of the environmental movement. A topic specific bibliography for Paradigm III follows these general citations. The State of Maine is one of the few states making an attempt to alert it's citizens to the hazards of chemical fallout; their advisory will remain at the beginning of this section of our Environmental History Bibliographies due to its symbolic importance.
 

Maine Department of Human Services. (1997). Maine 1997 fish consumption advisories. Handout by the Bureau of Health, Maine Department of Human Services, Augusta, ME.

ADVISORY AREA
MAXIMUM
CONSUMPTION LEVEL

CHEMICALS
OF
CONCERN
Water Body
SEGMENT
[All Species]
 
All Waters
Statewide
SEE DESCRIPTION ABOVE
mercury
Androscoggin River
Gilead to Merrymeeting Bay
6 meals per year
PCBs & dioxins
Kennebec River
Madison to Edwards Dam
(Augusta)
1 to 2 meals per month*
PCBs & dioxins
Edwards Dam (Augusta) to
The Chops (Bath)
NO CONSUMPTION
(freshwater fish only)
PCBs & dioxins
Penobscot River
Below Lincoln
1 to 2 meals per month*
PCBs & dioxins
Salmon Falls River
Below Berwick
6 meals per year
PCBs & dioxins
East Br. Sebasticook R.
Below Corinna
1 meal per month
PCBs & dioxins
West Br. Sebasticook R.
Below Hartland
2 meals per month
PCBs & dioxins
Little Madawaska River
and all tributaries
Madawaska Dam to Grimes
Mill Road
NO CONSUMPTION
PCBs
Green Pond, Chapman
Pit, Greenlaw Brook
All waters
(on former Loring Air Force Base)
NO CONSUMPTION
PCBs
Red Brook
All Waters (Scarborough)
6 meals per year
PCBs
* People who eat large (older) fish are advised to use the lower consumption level, as older fish tend to accumulate PCBs, dioxins, and mercury.

Paradigm III: The Industrial Revolution and Chemical Fallout
(bibliography continued)

Arctic Monitoring And Assessment Programme (AMAP). (2002). AMAP Assessment 2002: persistant organic pollutants in the Arctic. Oslo. IS

Center for Disease Control. (March 2001). National report on human exposure to environmental chemicals. CDC, National Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta, GA. http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/dls/report/default.htm

Counihan, Martin. (1981). A dictionary of energy. Routledge & Kegan Paul, Boston, MA. IS.

Deffeyes, Kenneth S. (2001). Hubbert's peak: The impending world oil shortage. Princeton University Press, 2001, Princeton, NJ.

Environment Information Center. (1980). Toxic substances sourcebook: Series: 2. EIC Co., NY, NY. IS.

Eriksson, Johan, et. al. (February 2003). Photochemical transformations of Tetrabromobisphenol A and related phenols in water. Chemosphere. 54(1). pg. 117-26.

European Union. (2002). Directive 2002/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 2003 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment. Official Journal of the European Union.

EWG (Environmental Working Group) has all their reports online in an archive on PCB's, mercury, fire retardants, teflon, arsenic, etc.

Fisher, Douglas. (March 10, 2005). The great experiment. Inside Bay Area.

Gibson, Pamela Reed. (2000). Multiple chemical sensitivity: A survival guide. New Harbinger Pub.

Goldberg, Edward D. et. al. (1978). The mussel watch. Environment Conservation. 5(2). pg. 101-125.

Gulf Watch. (2003). Monitoring chemical contaminants in Gulf of Maine coastal waters. www.gulfofmaine.org.

Hearne, Shelley A. (1984). Harvest of unknowns. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. San Francisco, CA. www.nrdc.org IS.

Hites, Ronald, Foran, Jeffery A., Carpenter, David O., Hamilton, M. Coreen, Knuth, Barbara A. and Schwager, Steven J. (January 9, 2004). Global assessment of organic contaminants in farmed salmon. Science. 303(5655). pg. 226.

Kay, Jane. (July 10, 2003). Widely used flame retardant feared to be a health hazard found in women’s breast tissue, fish – bill would ban it. San Francisco Chronicle.

Klare, Michael T. (2001). Resource wars: The new landscape of global conflict. Metropolitan Books, May 2001.

Law, Robin, et. al. (September 2003). Levels and trends of polybrominated diphenylethers and other brominated flame retardants in wildlife. Environmental International. 29(6). pg. 757-70.

Lee, Robert G. M., et. al. (2004). PBDEs in the atmosphere of three locations in Western Europe. Environmental Science and Technology. 38(3).

Long, Michael E. (July 2002). Half life: The lethal legacy of America's nuclear waste. National Geographic. pg. 2-33. IS.

Miller, Morton W. and Berg, George G., Eds. (1969). Chemical fallout: current research on persistent pesticides. Charles C. Thomas, Publisher, Springfield, IL. IS.

Mlot, Christine. (February 1985). Multimedia maneuvers: Shifting tactics for controlling shifting pollutants. Science News. 127. pg. 124-127. X.

Morris, Steven, et. al. (2004). Distribution and fate of HBCD and TBBPA brominated flame retardants in North Sea estuaries and aquatic food webs. Environmental Science and Technology. 38(21).

Mott, Lawrie and Broad, Martha. (March 15, 1984). Pesticides in food: What the public needs to know. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc., San Francisco, CA. IS.

Moyers, Bill. (2005). Welcome to Doomsday. New York Review of Books, NY, Vol 52, Number 5, March 24, 2005. IS.

National Institute of Health Sciences. (June 2002). Tetrabromobisphenol A: review of toxicological literature.

Oaks, JL, M. Gilbert, MZ, Virani, RT, et. al. (2004). Doclofenac residues as the cause of vulture population decline in Pakistan. Nature. 427 (6975). pg. 630-3.

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Onstot J, Ayling R, Stanley J. (1987). Characterization of HRGC/MS Unidentified Peaks from the Analysis of Human Adipose Tissue. Volume 1: Technical Approach. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Toxic Substances (560/6-87-002a).

Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development. (2004). Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and related chemical products. www.oecd.org/document/58/0,2340,fr_2649_34375_238437_1-1-1-1,00.html.

Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development. (2003). Voluntary approaches for environmental policy. Paris. www.oecd.org/document/58/0,2340,fr_2649_34375_238437_1-1-1-1,00.html

Puckett, Jim and Smith, Ted, eds. (2002). Exporting harm: the high-tech trashing of Asia. Seattle: Basel Action Network. Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition. San Jose, CA.

Randolph, Theron G. (1962). Human ecology and susceptibility to the chemical environment. Charles C. Thomas, Publisher, Springfield, IL. IS.

Rivlin, Michael A. (Fall 2001). Northern exposure. Onearth. 23(3). pg. 14-20. IS.

Shellenberger, Michael, and Nordhaus, Ted. (2004). The Death of environmentalism: Global warming politics in a post-environmental world. Proceedings of the Environmental Grantmakers Association, October 2004. IS. {PDF LINK}

Shulman, Seth. (1992). The threat at home: confronting the toxic legacy of the U.S. military. Beacon Press, Boston.

Shulman, Seth. (1991). Biohazard. University Press of America.

Shulman, Seth. (1993) Biohazard: How the Pentagon’s Biological Warfare Research Program Defeats Its Own Goals. A report for the Center for Public Integrity.

Shulman, Seth. (1999). Owning the future. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. (IS)

Shulman, Seth. (May 2002). Trouble on the endless frontier: Science, Invention and the Erosion of the Technological Commons. A report for the New America Foundation.

Shulman, Seth. (January 8, 2007). Undermining science: suppression and distortion in the Bush administration. University of California Press.

Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition. (2002). Poison PCs and toxic TVs. San Jose, CA. www.svtc.org.

Stapleton, Heather M., et. al. (2004). Debromination of polybrominated diphenol ether congeners BDE 99 and BDE 183 in the intestinal tract of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Environmental Science and Technology. 38 (4).

Stich, Hans. F., Ed. (1982). Carcinogens and mutagens in the environment: Volume I: Food products. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. IS.

Thomas, V.M., J.A. Bedford, and R. J. Cicerone. (June 1, 1997). Bromine emissions from lead gasoline. Geophysical Research Letters. 24 (11). pg. 1371-74.

Tomy, Gregg T., et. al. (2004). Bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and biochemical effects of brominated diphenyl ethers in juvenile lake trout (Savelinus manaycush). Environmental Science and Technology. 38 (5).

ToxicExposure.Org Coalition. (March 22, 2001). First-Ever Government Report a "Wake-up Call" on Toxic Exposure of Average Americans. http://www.igc.org/igc/gateway/en/archive/arch032601.html

Ueno, Daisuke, et. al. (2004). Global pollution monitoring of polybrominated dipheyl ethers using skipjack tuna as a bioindicator. Environmental Science and Technology. 38 (5).

United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. (2007). Globally harmonized system of classification and labeling of chemicals (GHS). www.unece.org/traans/danger/publi/ghs_welcome_e.html.

United States Environmental Protection Agency. (November 2000). Guidance for assessing chemical contaminant data for use in fish advisories: Volume 2: Risk assessment and fish consumption limits. Third Edition. Office of Science and Technology, Office of Water, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. http://www.epa.gov/ost/fishadvice/volume2/index.html.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2003). Trichloroethyline health risk assessment: synthesis and characterization: an EPA Science Advisory Board Report. www.epa.gov/sab/pdf/ehc03002.pdf.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2003). Toxics release inventory (TRI) Explorer database. www.epa.gov/triexplorer.

Vives, Ingrid, et. al. (2004). Polybromodiphenyl ether flame retardants in fish from lakes in European high mountains and Greenland. Environmental Science and Technology. 38 (8).

Vos, Joseph G., et. al. (2003). Brominated flame retardants and endocrine disruption. Pure Applied Chemistry. 75 (11-12). pg. 2039-46.

Weiner, Jonathan. (March 1991). The next one hundred years. Bantam trade paperback edition. NY. IS

Weise, Elizabeth. (September 23, 2003). Flame retardant found in breast milk. USA Today. pg. 1.

Werbach, Adam.(2004). Is environmentalism dead? Presented to the Commonwealth Club of California. IS. {PDF LINK}

West, Robert C., Ed. (1973-4). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 54th edition. CRC Press. IS.

West, Robert C. and Astle, Melvin J. (1982). CRC handbook of chemistry and physics. 63rd edition. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL. IS.

WHO/Convention Task Force on the Health Aspects of Air Pollution. (2003). Health risks of persistent organic pollutants from long-range transboundary air pollution. World Health Organization. www.euro.who.int/document/e78963.pdf.

Wolkers, Hans, et. al. (2004). Congener-specific accumulation and food chain transfer of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in two Arctic food chains. Environmental science and Technology. 38 (6). pg. 1667-74.

World Wildlife Federation. (2004). Living planet report 2004. WWF, October 9, 2004. IS. {PDF LINK}

World Wildlife Fund. (October 2004). Bad blood? A survey of chemicals in the blood of European ministers. World Wildlife Fund. www.worldwildlife.org/toxics/pubs/badblood.pdf.

Zogorski, John S, et. al. (2006). Volatile organic compounds in the nation’s ground water and drinking-water supply wells. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey. Circular 1292. IS

Chlorinated Hydrocarbons

Maine State Legislature. (2004 session). LD 1790: An Act To Reduce Contamination of Breast Milk and the Environment from the Release of Brominated Chemicals in Consumer Products. http://www.mainelegislature.org/legis/bills/LD.asp?LD=1790.

Cardwell, Diane. (November 2, 2001). A nation challenged: Lower Manhattan: Workers and residents are safe, officials say. New York Times. pg. unknown.

Darnerud, Per Ola et. al. (March 2001). Polybrominated diphenyl ethers: Occurrence, dietary exposure, and toxicology. Environmental Health Perspectives. 109. Supplement 1. pg. 49-68.

Environment News Service. (September 6, 2001). EU lawmakers vote broad fire retardant ban. http://www.ens-newswire.com/.

Environmental Working Group. (2004). Mother's milk: Record levels of toxic fire retardants found in American mother's breast milk. http://www.ewg.org/reports/mothersmilk/.

Eriksson, Per et. al. (September 2001). Brominated flame retardants: A novel class of developmental neurotoxicants in our environment? Environmental Health Perspectives. 109(9). pg. 903-908.

Hale, Robert C. et. al. (July 12, 2001). Persistent pollutants in land-applied sludges. Nature. 412. pg. 140-141.

Hooper, Kim and McDonald, Thomas A. (May 2000). The PBDEs: An emerging environmental challenge and another reason for breast-milk monitoring programs. Environmental Health Perspectives. 108(5). pg. 387-392.

KemI. (March 15, 1999). KemI proposes a prohibition of flame retardants. http://www.kemi.se/default_eng.htm

Kodama, Hirokadzu and Ota, Hideo. (March/April 1980). Transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls to infants from their mothers. Archives of Environmental Health. 35(2). pg. 95-100. X.

Lipton, Eric and Revkin, Andrew C. (November 19, 2001). With water and sweat, fighting the most stubborn fire. New York Times. pg. unknown.

Noren, Koidu. (1983). Some aspects of the determination of organochlorine contaminants in human milk. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 12. pg. 277-283. X.

Polishuk, Z.W., Ron, M., Wassermann, M., Cucos, S., Wassermann, D. and Lemesch, C. (March 1977). Organochlorine compounds in human blood plasma and milk. Pesticides Monitoring Journal. 10(4). pg. 121-129. X.

Polishuk, Z.W., Wassermann, D., Wassermann, M., Cucos, S. and Ron, M. (1977). Organochlorine compounds in mother and fetus during labor. Environmental Research. 13. pg. 278-284. X.

Schubert, Charlotte. (October 13, 2001). Burned by flame retardants? Science News. 160. pg. 238-239.

Slorach, Stuart A. and Vaz, Reggie. (1983). Assessment of human exposure to selected organochlorine compounds through biological monitoring. Swedish National Food Administration, Upsala, Sweden. IS(2)-EH.

Steingraber, Sandra. (2001). Having faith: An ecologist's journey to motherhood. Perseus Publishing, Cambridge, MA.

Thurlow, William. (1979). Matacil spray report. Gander Environmental Group, Gander, Newfoundland. IS-EH.

World Health Organization. (1987). Environmental health: PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs: Prevention and control of accidental and environmental exposures. World Health Organization, Copenhagen. IS-EH.

Dioxin

Schecter, Arnold, Cramer, P., Boggess, K., Stanley, J., Papke, O., Olson, J., Silver, A. and Schmitz, M. (2001). Intake of dioxins and related compounds from food in the U.S. population. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A. 63. pg. 101-118. X.

World Health Organization. (March 1986). Environmental health: Dioxins and furans from municipal incinerators. World Health Organization, Naples. IS-EH.

Heavy Metals

Adams, Mary Kelly. (1999). Toxics B. C.: A journey of imagination. Self-published, St. George, ME. IS.

Boutron, C., Candelone, J. and Hong, S. (1994). Past and recent changes in the large-scale tropospheric cycles of lead and other heavy metals as documented in Antarctic and Greenland snow and ice: A review. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 58(15).

Boutron, C. and Lorius C. (1979). Trace metals in Antarctic snows since 1914. Nature. 277(5697). pg. C 551-554.

Boutron, C. and Wolff, E.W. (1989). Heavy metal and sulphur emissions to the atmosphere from human activities in Antarctica. Atmospheric Environment. 23(8).

Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science. (1997). Monitoring and surveillance of non-radioactive contaminants in the aquatic environment and activities regulating the disposal of wastes at sea, 1994. Science Series. Aquatic Environment Monitoring Report No. 47. CEFAS, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Great Britain. IS.

Gabrielli, P., Barbante, C., Planchon, F., Ferrari, C., Delmonte, B. and Boutron, C. (2003). Changes in the occurrence of heavy metals in Antarctic ice during the last climatic cycles. Geophysical Research Abstracts. 5.

Grossman, Elizabeth. (September 15, 2007). High tech trash: digital devices, hidden toxics, and human health. Shearwater; 2nd edition. IS

Ministries of Agriculture, Fish and Food. (1982). Survey of lead in food: Second supplementary report. Her Majesty’s London Stationary Office, London. IS-EH.

Rosman, K.J.R., Chisholm, W., Boutron, C.F., Hong, S., Edwards, P.R., Morgan, V.I. and Sedwick, P.N. (1998). Lead isotopes and selected metals in ice from Law Dome, Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology. 27(1). pg. 349-354.

Planchon, F., Van de Velde, K., Rosman, K.J.R., Wolff, E.W., Ferrari, C. and Boutron, C.F. (2003). One-hundred fifty-year record of lead isotopes in Antarctic snow from Coats Land. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 67(4). pg. 693-708.

Vallelonga, P., Van de Velde, K., Candelone, J.-P., Morgan, V. I., Boutron, C. F. and Rosman, K. J. R. (2002). The lead pollution history of Law Dome, Antarctica, from isotopic measurements on ice cores: 1500 AD to 1989 AD. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 204(1-2). pg. 291-306.

Vandal, G., Fitzgerald, W., Boutron, C. and Candelone, J. (April 1993). Variations in mercury deposition to Antarctica over the past 34,000 years. Nature. 362.

Wolff, E.W. and Suttie, E.D. (1994). Antarctic snow record of southern hemisphere lead pollution. Geophys. Res. Lett. 21. pg. 781-784.

Laser Atomic Fluorescence Analysis of Materials. Institute of Spectroscopy Russian Academy of Sciences.

Greenhouse Gasses and Climate Change

Koblert, E., Field notes from a catastrophe: Man, nature and climate change. Bloomsbury USA, Mew Yorik, NY, IS

Levenson, T., Ice time. Harper & Row Publishers, NY IS

Purdue University. "The Vulcan Project." 2007. Purdue University. 21 August 2008. <http://www.purdue.edu/eas/carbon/vulcan/index.php>

NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. "Orbiting Carbon Observatory." 21 August 2008. NASA. 21 August 2008. <http://oco.jpl.nasa.gov/>

Walker, Gabrielle and Sir David Kline. (2008). The hot topic: what we can do about global warming. Harcourt Trade Publishers, San Diego and NY. IS

Ozone Layer Depletion

The Montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer. (1999) UNEP Ozone Secretariat, United Nations Environment Programme, Beijing IS

3rd Annual Report on Brominated Flame Retardants. (January 24, 2007) Departmetn of Environmental Protection, State of Maine IS

Bromated Flame Retardants. (February, 2005) Maine Bureau of Health and Maine Department of Environmental Protection. IS

Acid Rain

Hanson, Paul W. (February 1987). Acid rain and waterfowl: The case for concern in North America. Izaak Walton League of America, Arlington, VA. IS.

Harriss, R.C., Browell, E.V., Sebacher, D.I., Gregory, G.L., Hinton, R.R., Beck, S.M., McDougal, D.S. and Shipley, S.T. (April 1984). Atmospheric transport of pollutants from North America to the North Atlantic Ocean. Nature. 308. pg. 722-724. X.

Tomlinson, G. H. (date unknown). Dieback of red spruce; acid deposition, and changes in soil nutrient status - a review. In: Ulrich, B. and Pankrath, J., Eds. Effects of accumulation of air pollutants in forest ecology. (publisher unknown).

Vogelmann, H.W., Badger, G.J., Bliss, M. and Klein, R.M. (August 1985). Forest decline on Camels Hump, Vermont. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. X.

Emerging Viral Infections and Pathogens

Center for Disease Control

Health Canada Union of Concerned Scientists U. S. Food and Drug Administration

Garrett, Laurie. (1995). The coming plague. The Penguin Group. Penguin Books USA, Inc. NY. IS

McAllister, Philip E. (1990). Viral hemorrhagic septicemia of fishes. Fish Disease Leaflet 83. (Revision of Fish Disease Leaflet 6, Ken Wolf, 1966). US Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. IS

USDA, Viral hemorrhagic septicemia in the Great Lakes. (2006). Emerging Disease Notice. Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health. IS

Mercury Toxicity and Autism

(This section is under construction.  The Davistown Museum Department of Environmental History is seeking additional citations and information as well as volunteer editors and data searchers for this important subject.)

Autism Research Institute. (February 2005). Treatment options for mercury/metal toxicity in autism and related developmental disabilities: Consensus position paper. Autism Research Institute, San Diego, CA. IS.

Adams, J.B. (July 2004). A review of the autism-mercury connection. Conference Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Autism Society of America.

American Academy of Pediatrics. (September 1999). Thimerosal in Vaccines - An Interim Report to Clinicians (RE9935). American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement. 104 (3). pg. 570-574.

Berglund, A. (1990). Estimation by a 24-hours study of the daily dose of intra-oral mercury vapor inhaled after release from dental amalgam. Journal of Dental Research. 69. pg. 1646-1651.

Bernard, S., Enayati, A., Redwood, L., Roger, H., and Binstock, T. (2001). Autism: a novel form of mercury poisoning.Medical Hypotheses. 56(4). pg. 462-471.

Biodiversity Research Institute. 19 Flaggy Meadow Road, Gorham, ME 04038. Phone: (207) 839-7600.

Bradstreet, J., Geier DA, Kartzinel JJ, Adams JB, and Gier MR. (2003). A Case-Control study of mercury burden in children with autistic spectrum disorders. Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons. 8(3). pg. 76-79.

Buttar, R.A. (May 6, 2004). Autism: the misdiagnosis of our future generations, US congressional sub-committee on wellness and human rights. Washington, D.C.

Chauhan, A, Chauhan V., Brown, W.T., and Cohen, I. (Oct 8, 2004). Oxidative stress in autism: increased lipid peroxidation and reduced serum levels of ceruloplasmin and transferrin - the antioxidant proteins. Life Science. 75(21). pg. 2539-49.

Dally, A. (August 1997). The rise and fall of pink disease. Society of Historical Medicine. 10(2). pg. 291-304.

Geier, D.A., and Geier, M.R. (Apr-Jun 2003). An assessment of the impact of thimerosal on childhood neurodevelopmental disorders.Pediatric Rehabilitation. 6(2). pg. 97-102.

Geier, D.A., and Geier, M.R. (2003). Thimerosal in childhood vaccines, neurodevelopment disorders, and heart disease in the united states. Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons. 8(1). pg. 6-11.

Graef, J.W. (1994). Heavy metal poisoning. Chapter 396. In: Isselbacher et al. Eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine.  13th Ed. McGraw-Hill. pg. 2465.

Mahaffey, K.R., Clickner, R.P., and Bocurow, C.C. (1999 & 2000). Blood organic mercury and dietary mercury intake: National health and nutrition examination survey. Environmental Health Perspectives. 112(5). pg. 562-570.

McGinnis, W.R. (Nov-Dec 2004). Oxidative stress in autism. Alternative Therapies in Health Medicine. 10(6). pg. 22-36.

Patterson, J.E., Weissberg, B.G., and Dennison, P.J. (1981). Mercury in human breath from dental amalgams. Journal of Dental Research. 60. pg. 1668-1671.

US Department of Health and Human Services. (1999). Toxicological Profile for Mercury. Sec. 1.6. US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.

Vinay, S.P., Raghn, K.G., and Sood, P.P. (1990). Dose and duration related methylmercury deposition, glycosidase inhibition, myelin degeneration and chelation therapy. Cellular and Molecular Biology. 36(5). pg. 609-623.

Journals

Gulf of Maine Times. PO Box 339, Annapolis Royal, NS, CANADA B0S IA0.

MERI News. PO Box 1652, Blue Hill, ME, 04614, (207) 374-2135. Oceans. Oceanic Society, 2001 W. Main St., Stamford, CT 06902.
Paradigm IV: Anthropogenic Radioactivity: Abbreviated bibliography
For a much more extensive bibliography of publications on anthropogenic radioactivity see
the Center for Biological Monitoring Archives.

Aarkrog, A., Botter-Jensen, L., Dahlgaard, H., Hansen, H., Lippert, J., Nielsen, S.P. and Nilsson, K. (June 1982). Environmental radioactivity in Denmark in 1981. Riso-R-469. Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

Aarkrog, A., Dahlgaard, H., Hallstadius, L., Holm, E. and Lippert, J. (July 1982). Environmental radioactivity in the Faroes in 1981. Riso-R-470. Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

Aarkrog, A., Dahlgaard, H., Holm, E., Hansen, H., Lippert, J. and Nilsson, K. (July 1982). Environmental radioactivity in Greenland in 1981. Riso-R-471. Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

Aarkrog, A., Botter-Jensen, L., Dahlgaard, H., Hansen, H., Lippert, J. and Nielsen, S.P. (June 1983). Environmental radioactivity in Denmark in 1982. Riso-R-487. Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

Aarkrog, A., Dahlgaard, H., Hallstadius, L., Holm, E., Hansen, H. and Lippert, J. (July 1983). Environmental radioactivity in the Faroes in 1982. Riso-R-488. Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

Aarkrog, A., Dahlgaard, H., Hallstadius, L., Holm, E., Hansen, and H., Lippert, J. (July 1983). Environmental radioactivity in Greenland in 1982. Riso-R-489. Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

Aarkrog, A., Boelskifte, S., Botter-Jensen, L., Dahlgaard, H., Hansen, H. and Nielsen, S.P. (June 1984). Environmental radioactivity in Denmark in 1983. Riso-R-509. Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

Aarkrog, A., Boelskifte, S., Buch, E., Christensen, G.C., Dahlgaard, H., Hallstadius, L., Hansen, H., Holm, E., Mattsson, S. and Meide, A. (December 1984). Environmental radioactivity in the North Atlantic region. The Faroe Islands and Greenland included. 1983. Riso-R-510. Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

Aarkrog, A., Boelskifte, S., Botter-Jensen, L., Dahlgaard, H., Hansen, H. and Nielsen, S.P. (June 1985). Environmental radioactivity in Denmark in 1984. Riso-R-527. Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

Aarkrog, A., Boelskifte, S., Buch, E., Christensen, G.C., Dahlgaard, H., Hallstadius, L., Hansen, H. and Holm, E. (December 1985). Environmental radioactivity in the North Atlantic region. The Faroe Islands and Greenland included. 1984. Riso-R-528. Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

Aarkrog, A., Boelskifte, S., Buch, E., Christensen, G.C., Dahlgaard, H., Hallstadius, L., Hansen, H., Holm, E. and Rioseco, J. (June 1987). Environmental radioactivity in the North Atlantic region. The Faroe Islands and Greenland included. 1985. Riso-R-541. Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

Aarkrog, A., Botter-Jensen, L., Chen, Q.J., Dahlgaard, H., Hansen, H., Holm, E., Lauridsen, B., Nielsen, S.P. and Sogaard-Hansen, J. (May 1989). Environmental radioactivity in Denmark in 1987. Riso-R-563. Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

Aarkrog, A., Buch, E., Chen, Q.J., Christensen, G.C., Dahlgaard, H., Hansen, H., Holm, E. and Nielsen, S.P. (July 1989). Environmental radioactivity in the North Atlantic region. The Faroe Islands and Greenland included. 1987. Riso-R-564. Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

Aarkrog, A., Buch, E., Chen, Q.J., Christensen, G.C., Dahlgaard, H., Hansen, H., Holm, E. and Nielsen, S.P. (January 1992). Environmental radioactivity in the North Atlantic region including the Faroe Islands and Greenland. 1988 and 1989. Riso-R-571(EN). Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

Aarkrog, A., Botter-Jensen, L., Chen, Q.J., Clausen, J., Dahlgaard, H., Hansen, H., Holm, E., Lauridsen, B., Nielsen, S.P., Strandberg, M. and Sogaard-Hansen, J. (February 1995). Environmental radioactivity in Denmark in 1992 and 1993. Riso-R-756(EN). Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. IS.

American Society of Dowsers, Inc. (1974). Effects of harmful radiations and noxious rays: A series of research papers by noted scientists and authors. American Society of Dowsers, Inc., Danville, VT. IS.

Baldash, Lawrence. (1979). Radioactivity in America: Growth and decay of a science. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD. IS-EH.

Bedford, Henry F. (1990). Seabrook Station: Citizen politics and nuclear power. The University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst, MA. IS.

Boursnell, J.C. (1958). Safety techniques for radioactive tracers. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England. IS.

Brack, H.G., Ed. (1986). A review of radiological surveillance reports of waste effluents in marine pathways at the Maine Yankee Atomic Power Company at Wiscasset, Maine--- 1970-1984: An annotated bibliography. Pennywheel Press, Hulls Cove, ME. IS.

Brack, H.G. (1993). Legacy for our children: The unfunded costs of decommissioning the Maine Yankee Atomic Power Station. Pennywheel Press, Hulls Cove, ME. IS.

Brack, H.G. (1998). Patterns of noncompliance: The Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Maine Yankee Atomic Power Company: Generic and site-specific deficiencies in radiological surveillance programs. Center for Biological Monitoring, Hulls Cove, ME. IS.

Brack, H.G., Ed. Chernobyl Fallout Data: Annotated Bibliography. Section 10 of RADNET. www.davistownmuseum.org.

Bradley, David. (1983). No place to hide: 1946/1984. University Press of New England, Hanover, NH. IS.

Bryant, P.M. and Jones, J.A. (December 1972). The future implications of some long-lived fission product nuclides discharged to the environment in fuel reprocessing wastes. NRPB-R8. National Radiological Protection Board, Harwell, Didcot, Berkshire, England. IS.

Caldicott, Helen. (1978). Nuclear madness: What you can do!  Bantam Books, Inc., NY, NY. Reprinted in 1980. IS.

Camplin, W.C. and Aarkrog, A. (1989). Radioactivity in north European waters: Report of Working Group II of CEC Project MARINA. Fisheries Research Data Report No 20. Directorate of Fisheries Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Lowestoft, England. IS.

Corliss, William R. (1968). Space radiation. U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration, Office of Pubic Affairs, Washington, DC. IS.

Crowther, James Arnold. (n.d.) Ions, electrons, and ionizing radiations. University Press, Cambridge, England. IS.

Dibb, J., Mayewski, P.A., Buck, C.F. and Drummey, S.M. (1990). Beta radiation from snow. Nature. 344(6270). pg. 25.

Dotto, Lydia. (1986). Planet earth in jeopardy: Environmental consequences of nuclear war, John Wiley and Sons. IS-EH.

Ebbin, Steven and Kasper, Raphael. (1974). Citizen groups and the nuclear power controversy: Uses of scientific and technological information. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. IS.

Farber, S.A. and Hodgdon, A.D. (July 25, 1991). Cesium-137 in wood ash: Results of nationwide survey. PP 91-015. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Health Physics Society. Yankee Atomic Electric Company, Boston, MA. IS.

Ford, Daniel F. (1982). The cult of the atom: The secret papers of the Atomic Energy Commission. Simon and Schuster, NY, NY. IS.

Ford, Daniel F. (1982). Three Mile Island: Thirty minutes to meltdown. Penguin Books, NY, NY. IS.

Ford, Daniel F. and Kendall, Henry W. (1974). An assessment of the emergency core cooling systems rulemaking hearings. Union of Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, MA. IS.

Fowler, John M., Ed. (1960). Fallout: A study of superbombs, strontium 90, and survival. Basic books, Inc., NY, NY. IS.

Fusco, Paul and Caris, Magdalena. (2001). Chernobyl Legacy: Twenty four minutes and zero seconds anti meridian. de.MO, Millbrook, NY. IS.

Gedikoglu, A. and Sipahi, B.L. (January 1989). Chernobyl radioactivity in Turkish tea. Health Physics. 56(1). pg. 97-101. X. Glasstone, Samuel and Jordan, Walter H. (1980). Nuclear power and its environmental effects. American Nuclear Society, La Grange Park, IL. IS.

Gofman, J.W. (1981). Radiation and human health; a comprehensive investigation of the evidence relating low-level radiation to cancer and other diseases. Sierra Club Books, San Francisco. IS.

Hardy, E.P., Jr. (July 1, 1980). Environmental Measurements Laboratory: Environmental quarterly. EML-374. Department of Energy, NY, NY. IS. Hardy, E.P., Jr. (October 1, 1980). Environmental Measurements Laboratory: Environmental quarterly. EML-381. Department of Energy, NY, NY. IS.

Hardy, E.P., Krey, P.W. and Volchok, H.L. (February 1973). Global inventory and distribution of fallout plutonium. Nature. 241. pg. 444-445. X.

Hawkes, Nigel, Lean, Geoffrey, Leigh, D., Mckie, R., Pringle, P. and Wilson, A. (1986). Chernobyl: The end of the nuclear dream. Vintage Books a Division of Random House, NY, NY. IS.

Helus, Frank, Ed. (1983). Radionuclides production: Volume I. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL. IS.

Helus, Frank, Ed. (1983). Radionuclides production: Volume II. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL. IS.

Hunt, G.J. (1987). Aquatic environment monitoring report number 18: Radioactivity in surface and coastal waters of the British Isles, 1986. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Directorate of Fisheries Research, Lowestoft, England. IS.

Huver, Charles W., Dixon, Gertrude A., Jacobson, Naomi and Dixon, George I.J. (1979). Methodologies for the study of low-level radiation in the midwest. Anvil Press, Millville, MN. IS.

Ikaheimonen, T.K., Ilus, E.I. and Saxen, R. (1988). Finnish studies on radioactivity in the Baltic Sea in 1987: Supplement 8 to Annual Report 1987 No. STUK-A74. Report No. STUK-A82. Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Helsinki, Finland. IS.

Ilus, E., Klemola, S., Sjoblom, K.L. and Ikaheimonen, T.K. (1988). Radioactivity of Fucus vesiculosus along the Finnish coast in 1987: Supplement 9 to Annual Report 1987 (STUK-A74). Report No. STUK-A83. Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Helsinki, Finland. IS.

International Atomic Energy Agency. (1965). Methods of surveying and monitoring marine radioactivity. Safety Series No. 11, IAEA, Vienna. IS.

International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War and the Institute for Energy and Environmental Research. (1991). Radioactive heaven and earth: The health and environmental effects of nuclear weapons testing in, on, and above the earth. The Apex Press, NY, NY. IS.

Izrael, Y. A. (2002). Radioactive fallout after nuclear explosions and accidents. In the series: Radioactivity in the Environment, 3.  Elsevier, UK.

Jablon, Seymour, Hrubec, Zdenek, Boice, John D., Jr. and Stone, B.J. (July 1990). Cancer in populations living near nuclear facilities: Volume 2 - individual facilities: Cancer before and after start-up. NIH Publication No. 90-874, National Institutes of Health, Washington, DC. X.

Kase, Kenneth R. and Nelson, Walter R. (1978). Concepts of radiation dosimetry. Pergamon Press, NY, NY. IS.

Lash, Terry R., Bryson, John E. and Cotton, Richard. (November 1975). Citizens' guide: The national debate on the handling of radioactive wastes from nuclear power plants. National Resources Defense Council, Inc., Palo Alto, CA. IS.

Linsley, G.S., Simmonds, J.R. and Kelly, G.N. (December 1978). An evaluation of the food chain pathway for transuranium elements dispersed in soils. NRPB-R81. National Radiological Protection Board, Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire, England. IS.

Livesey, J.C., Reed, D.J. and Adamson, L.F. (1985). Radiation-protective drugs and their reaction mechanisms. Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ. IS.

Maine Yankee Atomic Power Company. (October, 1997). Site characterization management plan. Prepared by GTS Duratek, Inc., for the Maine Yankee Atomic Power Plant. IS.

Maine Yankee Atomic Power Company. (April 16, 1998). Appendix A: Spent fuel and other radioactive material stored in the Maine Yankee spent fuel pool. MYPS-101, Rev. 0. Maine Yankee Atomic Power Company, Wiscasset, ME. IS. Maine Yankee Atomic Power Company. (April 1998). GTS Duratek characterization survey report for the Maine Yankee Atomic Power Plant, revision 1. 9 vols. Prepared by GTS Duratek, Inc. for the Maine Yankee Atomic Power Plant, Wiscasset, ME. IS. Majumdar, Shyamal K. and Miller, E. Willard, Eds. (1985). Management of radioactive materials & wastes: Issues & progress. The Pennsylvania Academy of Science, Easton, PA. IS.

Mann, W.B., Ayres, R.L. and Garfinkel, S.B. (1980). Radioactivity and its measurement: Second Edition (SI units): Revised and expanded. Pergamon Press, NY, NY. IS.

Markey, Edward J. and Waller, Douglas. (1982). Nuclear peril: The politics of proliferation. Ballinger Publishing Company, Cambridge, MA. IS.

Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. (1996). Radioactivity in food and the environment, 1995. RIFE-1. MAFF, London. IS.

Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food and Scottish Environment Protection Agency. (September 1997). Radioactivity in food and the environment, 1996. RIFE-2. MAFF and SEPA, London. IS.

Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food and Scottish Environment Protection Agency. (September 1998). Radioactivity in food and the environment, 1997. RIFE-1. MAFF, London. IS.

National Council of Churches of Christ in the U.S.A. (September 1975). The plutonium economy. National Council of Churches of Christ in the U.S.A., NY, NY.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. (1971). Basic radiation protection criteria. NCRP Report No. 39., NCRP, Bethesda, MD. Fifth reprinting March 1, 1982. IS.

Nelkin, Dorothy. (1971). Nuclear power and its critics: The Cayuga Lake controversy. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY. IS.

Nuclear Energy Agency. (April 1980). Review of the continued suitability of the dumping site for radioactive waste in the north-east Atlantic. NEA, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris, France. IS.

Nuclear Energy Agency. (September 1981). The environmental and biological behaviour of plutonium and some other transuranium elements. NEA, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris, France. IS.

Nuclear Energy Agency. (1989). Nuclear accidents: Intervention levels for protection of the public. NEA, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris, France. IS.

Oak Ridge National Laboratory. (December 1997). Integrated Data Base Report, 1996: U.S. Spent Nuclear Fuel and Radioactive Waste Inventories, projections, and characteristics (revision 13). Report No. DOE/RW-0006, Rev. 13. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN. IS.

O'Dea, John. (1997). Exposure: Living with radiation in Ireland. Making History Series, Irish Reporter Publications, Dublin, Ireland. IS.

Ortmeyer, Pat. (n.d.). Let them drink milk: Iodine-131 doses from nuclear weapons testing. Science for Democratic Action. 6(2). pg. 3, 11-12. X.

Puhakainen, M., Rahola, T. and Suomela, M. (1987). Radioactivity of sludge after the Chernobyl accident in 1986: Supplement 13 to Annual Report STUK-A55. Report No. STUK-A68. Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Helsinki, Finland. IS.

Salame-Alfie, Adela, Condon, W., Damiani, A. Huang, J. and Wigley, W. (1994). Environmental radiation in New York state: 1994 annual report. Bureau of Environmental Radiation Protection, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY. IS.

Shannon, Sara. (1987). Diet for the atomic age: How to protect yourself from low-level radiation. Avery Publishing Group Inc., Wayne, NJ.

Shapiero, Fred C. (1981). Radwaste: A reporter’s investigation of a growing nuclear menace. First Edition. Random House, NY, NY. IS-EH.

Shapiro, Jacob. (1972). Radiation protection: A guide for scientists and physicians. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. IS.

Sjoblom, Kirsti-Liisa, Klemola, S., Ilus, E., Arvela, H. and Blomqvist, L. (June 1989). Monitoring of radioactivity in the environs of Finnish nuclear power stations in 1987: Supplement 5 to Annual Report STUK-A74. Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Helsinki, Finland. IS.

Smeloff, Ed and Asmus, Peter. (1997). Reinventing electric utilities: Competition, citizen action, and clean power. Island Press, Washington, DC. IS.

Stephens, Mark. (1980). Three Mile Island: The hour-by-hour account of what really happened. Random House, NY, NY. IS.

Sternglass, Ernest. (1972). Secret fallout: Low-level radiation from Hiroshima to Three-Mile Island. Ballantine Books. Reprinted in 1981 by McGraw-Hill Book Company, NY, NY. IS.

Toombs, George L., Martin, Sylvia L., Culter, Peter B. and Dibblee, Martha G. (n.d.). Environmental radiological surveillance report on Oregon surface waters 1961 - 1983: Volume I. Radiation Control Section, Health Division, Oregon Department of Human Resources, Portland, OR. IS.

Toonkel, Lawrence E. (July 1, 1980). Appendix to Environmental Measurements Laboratory: Environmental quarterly. EML-374 APPENDIX. Department of Energy, NY, NY. IS.

Toonkel, Lawrence E. (October 1, 1980). Appendix to Environmental Measurements Laboratory: Environmental quarterly. EML-381 APPENDIX. Department of Energy, NY, NY. IS.

United Nations. (1972). Ionizing radiation: Levels and effects: A report of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the effects of atomic radiation to the General Assembly, with annexes: Volume I: Levels. UN, NY, NY. IS.

United Nations. (1996). Sources and effects of ionizing radiation: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation UNSCEAR 1996 report to the General Assembly, with scientific annex. UN, NY, NY. IS.

United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organization, and the World Health Organization. (1983). Selected radionuclides: Tritium, carbon-14, krypton-85, strontium-90, iodine, caesium-137, radon, plutonium. Environmental Health Criteria 25. World Health Organization, Geneva. IS.

United States Department of Commerce. (September 24, 1954). Permissible dose from external sources of ionizing radiation: Recommendations of the National Committee on Radiation Protection. National Bureau of Standards Handbook 59, US Department of Commerce, Washington, DC. IS.

United States Department of Commerce. (June 5, 1959). Maximum permissible body burdens and maximum permissible concentrations of radionuclides in air and in water for occupational exposure: Recommendations of the National Committee on Radiation Protection. National Bureau of Standards Handbook 69, US Department of Commerce, Washington, DC. IS.

United States Department of Energy. (April 1994). Committed to results: DOE's environmental management program: An introduction. DOE/EM-0152P. U.S. DOE, Washington, DC. IS.

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